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Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal
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Freedom and Conformity in Dress: A Two-Dimensional Approach

Elizabeth D. Lowe

Department of Textiles and Interior Design, School of Human Resources and Family Studies, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801

Hilda M. Buckley

Department of Textiles and Interior Design, School of Human Resources and Family Studies, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801

This study attempted to explore the question of whether freedom and conformity are simply polar opposites, or rather, separate dimensions of dress. To this end, 112 subjects were asked to complete a questionnaire which included: (1) a self-rating of freedom in dress, (2) items reflecting the components of freedom in dress (choice, restrictions, satisfactions) set forth by Lowe and Anspach, (3) items contained in Creekmore's Im portance of Clothing questionnaire dealing with the approval dimension of dress (i.e., the tendency to conform to gain approval), and (4) demographic items. Factor analysis of a self-rating of freedom in dress and its components was used to develop a measure of freedom in dress which could be compared with the self-rating. This alternative measure was not independent of the self-rating, but rather suggested that choice was the most important component of freedom in dress. Pearson correlations between conformity and freedom, regardless of which measure was used, were so small that the angle repre senting this relationship was nearly orthogonal, suggesting that freedom is not the op posite of conformity, but rather a separate dimension of dress.

Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, Vol. 11, No. 2, 197-204 (1982)
DOI: 10.1177/1077727X8201100211
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